FOIA Advisor

FOIA News: Dep't of State seeks additional Clinton emails

FOIA News (2015-2024)Allan BlutsteinComment

State Dept. tells Hillary Clinton to search for more emails

Stephen Dinan, The Washington Times, Oct. 6, 2015

The State Department has instructed former Secretary Hillary Rodham Clinton go back to her Internet companies and try to recover email messages from any personal email accounts that she used during her time in government, saying it appears she didn’t turn over all of her documents.

In a letter to Clinton lawyer David E. Kendall, the department said it has become aware of messages Mrs. Clinton sent to other government officials in her first few months in office, but which she did not turn over as part of the more than 30,000 emails she did relinquish last December.

Mrs. Clinton had previously said she used a personal email account — the same one she kept as a senator — to do government business during the first couple of months she was at the State Department. Her campaign said she no longer had access to those messages.

But after some of those messages were produced from the Defense Department, the State Department realized it had a problem.

Read more here.  

FOIA News: Center for Public Integrity sues FEC for security study

FOIA News (2015-2024)Kevin SchmidtComment

Center for Public Integrity sues FEC for security study

Oct. 5, 2015

For the second time in three months, the Center for Public Integrity has filed a federal lawsuit against the Federal Election Commission for refusing to release documents requested under the Freedom of Information Act.

In July, Center for Public Integrity senior political reporter Dave Levinthal filed a FOIA request seeking a study the agency commissioned to detail the decay in the security and management of its computer systems and networks.

The taxpayer-funded study, which cost $199,500 to produce, followed Center for Public Integrity reporting that revealed how Chinese hackers successfully infiltrated the FEC’s computer systems in October 2013.

Read more here.

Q&A: requesting records not currently in agency's possession

Q&A (2015-2024)Allan BlutsteinComment

Q.  "Can a FOIA request ask for documents not yet received?"

A.   You can ask, of course, but an agency is required to process only those records in its possession at the time it initiates a search.  Nor is an agency required to adjust or modify its FOIA responses based on what occurs after it provides a response to the requester.  Here is additional guidance from the Department of Justice about "cut-off" dates for agency searches. 

Court opinions issued Sept. 30, 2015

Court Opinions (2015-2024)Allan BlutsteinComment

Kaplan v. Ebert (M.D. Pa.) -- dismissing lawsuit because plaintiff failed to file administrative appeals before filing Complaint. 

Hertz Schram PC v. Fed. Bureau of Investigation (E.D. Mich.) -- accepting magistrate's recommendation to deny plaintiff an award of attorney's fees.  The court concluded that plaintiff was neither eligible nor entitled to fees because the agency has begun processing the request before the lawsuit was filed, the agency acted reasonably in withholding certain records, and plaintiff had a commercial interest in pursuing the lawsuit.   

Canning v. U.S. Dep't of State (D.D.C.) -- upholding agency's Exemption 1 withholdings except for: (a) certain unclassified portions of two partially redacted documents, which the court ordered to be released, and (b) documents classified after submission of FOIA request, for which the court sought additional information. The court further upheld agency's withholdings under Exemptions 5 (deliberative process privilege) and 6. 

Francis v. Fed. Hous. Fin. Agency (D.D.C.) -- determining that FHFA conducted a reasonable search of its files and that it was not obligated to search Fannie Mae's files even though FHFA is Fannie Mae's conservator.    

Stein v. U.S. Dep't of Justice (D.D.C.) -- ruling that: (1) FBI's case evaluation forms were properly withheld under Exemption 2 because they are maintained in administrative personnel files "'for purposes of tracking and evaluating the performance of employees who process FOIA and Privacy Act requests'"; (2) FBI properly withheld its "Automated Case Support Basic Reference Guide" pursuant to Exemption 7(E); (3) the Civil Division properly withheld several monographs pursuant to Exemption 5 (attorney work-product privilege); (4) Executive Office for United States Attorneys "applied an unnecessarily hypertechnical reading" of plaintiff's request for records "in the USABook Desktop Library maintained by the DOJ Office of Legal Education indexed under the topic 'Freedom of Information;'" (5) FBI did not justify its reliance on Exemption 7(D) for 28 of 29 pages concerning Christopher Hitchens; and (6) FBI properly denied plaintiff's request for a fee waiver with respect to approximately 10,000 pages concerning Gwen Todd.      

Ctr. for Auto Safety v. U.S. Dep't of Treasury (D.D.C.) -- holding that agency and intervenor failed to provide adequate Vaughn indices with respect to Exemption 4 withholdings pertaining to 2009 bankruptcies of General Motors and Chrysler.   

Argus Leader Media v. U.S. Dep't of Agric. (D.S.D.) -- finding that the Food and Nutrition Service had not justified its use of Exemptions 4 and 6 to withhold certain food stamp program information derived from retail stores.  In analyzing the prospect of competitive harm, the court took into consideration that only 323 of 321,988 potential retailers responded to the agency's submitter notice.   

N.Y. Times v. U.S. Dep't of Justice (S.D.N.Y.) -- holding that: (1) FBI's witness statements were protected by attorney work-product privilege because they revealed an attorney's strategic impressions and mental processes; (2) all memoranda at issue were covered by the attorney work-product privilege, the doctrine of "express incorporation" applies to and waives that privilege, and one of four memoranda -- a declination to prosecute -- had been expressly incorporated, at least in part, in agency's final decision.    

Freedom Watch, Inc. v. Nat'l Sec. Agency (D.D.C.) -- dismissing NSA from multi-defendant lawsuit concerning records of shoot-down of a military helicopter in Afghanistan because plaintiff failed to appeal NSA's determinations; rejecting plaintiff's argument that appealing would have been futile or that a "futility" exception to appeal requirement even exists. 

Aguiar v, Drug Enforcement Admin. (D.D.C.) -- ruling that DEA performed an adequate search for certain administrative subpoenas and that third party's GPS mapping software utilized by the DEA is not an "agency record."  The court also found from an in camera review that DEA's uncontested withholdings were proper.   

Am. Civil Liberties Union of S. Cal. v. U.S. Citizenship & Immigration Servs. (D.D.C.) -- deciding that: (1) national security concerns underlying agency's Controlled Application Review and Resolution Program was sufficient to meet Exemption 7's law enforcement threshold; (2) USCIS properly withheld certain records pursuant to Exemption 7(E), but that it failed to adequately explain that exemption's applicability to other records; (3) USCIS performed an adequate search for responsive records; (4) USCIS improperly determined that certain records were outside the scope of request; and (5) USCIS reasonably segregated and released all non-exempt information.  

Rocky Mountain Wild v. U.S. Forest Serv. (D. Colo.) -- concluding that the Forest Service unreasonably limited its search and that agency justified its withholdings under Exemption 5 for only certain records. 

Summaries of all cases since April 2015 are available here.

Court opinions issued Sept. 29, 2015

Court Opinions (2015-2024)Allan BlutsteinComment

Spears v. U.S. Dep't of Justice (D.D.C.) -- finding that the Criminal Division conducted a reasonable search for requested telephone wiretap records and that it properly withheld certain information pursuant to Exemptions 3, 5, 6 and 7(C).  

Riddick v. Holland (D.D.C.) -- determining that Executive Office for U.S. Attorneys conducted an adequate search for records concerning plaintiff's criminal case, that it properly withheld responsive records under attorney work-product and deliberative process privileges, and that it properly closed plaintiff's requests after plaintiff failed to pay fees after exhausting two hours of free search time.   

Unrow Human Rights Impact Litig. Clinic v. U.S. Dep't of State (D.D.C) -- ruling that requested diplomatic cable was properly withheld under Exemption 1; rejecting plaintiff's waiver argument that agency had acknowledged authenticity of a cable published by newspaper.

Coleman v. Drug Enforcement Admin. (D.D.C.) -- finding that agency's search was sufficient except for agency's failure to search the one office;  further finding that plaintiff was not entitled to a fee waiver determination because agency had provided documents free of charge and plaintiff did not establish likelihood of future injury.  

Bryson v. Susan B. Gerson & U.S. Dep't of Justice (E.D. Cal.) -- dismissing lawsuit because plaintiff failed to pay the fees associated with his request and failed to administratively appeal after agency closed the request for non-payment. 

Summaries of all cases since April 2015 are available here.

Court opinions issued Sept. 28, 2015

Court Opinions (2015-2024)Allan BlutsteinComment

Evans v. U.S. Dep't of the Interior & Nat'l Park Serv. (N.D. Ind.) -- granting government's motion for summary judgment after determining that: (1) plaintiff failed to file administrative appeals for several requests; (2) agency conducted a reasonable request for remaining requested records; and (3) agency properly withheld certain records pursuant to Exemptions 5 and 7(E). 

Coss v. U.S. Dep't of Justice (D.D.C.) -- ruling that the FBI conducted an adequate search for a requested notebook pertaining to plaintiff's criminal case; noting that DEA, not FBI, was involved in plaintiff's drug trafficking conviction.  

Campbell v. U.S. Dep't of Justice (D.D.C.) -- finding that the Criminal Division properly relied upon the attorney-work product privilege to withhold documents related to court-authorized wiretaps in pending drug conspiracy cases in the Western District of Pennsylvania.

Summaries of all cases since April 2015 are available here.

Court opinions issued Sept. 25, 2015

Court Opinions (2015-2024)Allan BlutsteinComment

Bigwood v. U.S. Dep't of Def. (D.D.C.) -- adopting magistrate's findings that the Dep't of Defense: (1) conducted an adequate search for requested records concerning a coup d'état in Honduras; (2) properly withheld certain information pursuant to Exemptions 1 and 7(E); and (3) produced all reasonably segregable, non-exempt records.  The court further agreed with magistrate's recommendation to deny plaintiff's request for an in camera inspection of records, as well as his motion to file a sur-reply.     

Hall v. Fed. Bureau of Prisons (D.D.C.) -- determining that agency-defendants performed reasonable searches for records concerning plaintiff's criminal case and that Exemption 7(C) was properly invoked to withhold name of a grand jury foreman.   

Kleinert v. Bureau of Land Mgmt. (D.D.C.) -- deciding that neither party was entitled to summary judgment except with respect to limited amounts of information that the court ordered to be released or withheld.  The court otherwise concluded that the agency had not adequately described its search or justified its withholdings under Exemptions 5, 6, and 7(C). 

Whitmore v. U.S. Dep't of Justice (D.D.C.) -- finding that the Executive Office for United States Attorneys conducted an adequate search for records about plaintiff's criminal case and that it properly withheld the identities of special agents and the direct phone number of the prosecutor under Exemption 7(C).  

McKneely v. U.S. Dep't of Justice (D.D.C.) -- concluding that the Drug Enforcement Administration performed a reasonable search fir records concerning plaintiff's criminal case and that it properly withheld certain information under Exemptions 7(C), 7(D), 7(E), and 7(F).

Intellectual Property Watch v. U.S. Trade Rep. (S.D.N.Y) -- in case involving records of Trans-Pacific Partnership (a free trade agreement), the court granted in part and denied in part the parties' motions for summary judgment.  The court found that USTR properly invoked Exemption 1 to protect decision memoranda, draft agreement text, and certain communications between USTR and Industry Trade Advisory Committee (ITAC) that reflected U.S. positions and proposals that were shared with foreign counterparties.  With respect to other agency-ITAC communications, however, the court rejected USTR's reliance on deliberative process privilege and granted plaintiff's motion for summary judgment after concluding that ITAC was neither an agency nor a disinterested consultant.  Lastly, the court found that neither party was entitled to summary judgment with respect to agency-ITAC communications that were withheld pursuant to Exemption 3in conjunction with 19 U.S.C. § 2155(g) and/or Exemption 4.     

Summaries of all cases since April 2015 are available here.

 

FOIA News: Thousands more Hillary Clinton emails to be released

FOIA News (2015-2024)Kevin SchmidtComment

Thousands more Hillary Clinton emails to be released

By Josh Gerstein, Politico, Sept. 30, 2015

More than 6,000 pages of new Hillary Clinton emails are set to be published by the State Department Wednesday, the latest installment in a prolonged disclosure process that has proved to be painful for Clinton's presidential campaign by focusing attention on her decision to use a private email account and server to conduct her official business as secretary of state.

The newest set of emails are expected to be largely from late 2010 and early 2011, with State keeping to its prior practice of releasing emails from Clinton's account in rough chronological order. Among the topics expected to be covered in the new batch: the Arab Spring democracy movement, the build-up to NATO intervention in Libya and the disclosure of tens of thousands of classified diplomatic cables by WikiLeaks.

Read more here.

FOIA News: Generals Sought More Positive Coverage, Document Shows

FOIA News (2015-2024)Kevin SchmidtComment

Generals Sought More Positive Coverage, Document Shows

By Dave Phillips, New York Times, Sept. 29, 2015

Two top Army generals recently discussed trying to kill an article in The New York Times on concussions at West Point by withholding information so the Army could encourage competing news organizations to publish a more favorable story, according to an Army document.

The generals’ conversation involved a Freedom of Information Act request that The Times made in June for data on concussions resulting from mandatory boxing classes at the United States Military Academy. The Times also requested similar data from the Air Force Academy in June, and from the Naval Academy this month.

During a Sept. 16 meeting at the Pentagon, the Army surgeon general, Lt. Gen. Patricia D. Horoho, recommended to the superintendent at West Point, Lt. Gen. Robert L. Caslen Jr., that the Army delay responding to The Times’s request, according to the document. General Horoho then suggested trying to get The Wall Street Journal or USA Today to publish an article about a more favorable Army study on concussions.

Read more here.